KNOWLEDGE · COMPOUNDS
Tirzepatide
Also known as: Tirzepatida · Mounjaro · Zepbound
Evidence gap. O site publica uma escada de 2,5 a 15 mg por semana. Ela diverge do registro editorial da Eagle, que preserva escalas conflitantes e não escolhe uma dose; a escala do site foi registrada como evidência, sem substituir o resumo da Eagle. Search performed →
Overview
Written by EagleThis description was written by Eagle in each of the three languages. It is not imported text and carries no translation warning. What it says comes from the compound’s own composition, its pharmacological class and what the library records — no efficacy claim, and no Eagle recommendation of use.
Tirzepatide is a synthetic 39-amino-acid peptide that acts as a dual agonist at the GIP and GLP-1 receptors. It is sold under the brand names Mounjaro and Zepbound and is approved by the FDA and the EMA; the library records its use in type 2 diabetes and in obesity. This page gathers what the Eagle library records about the compound. Eagle publishes no dose for it: the library's own sources disagree with one another, and the house does not arbitrate between them.
Tirzepatide is catalogued under Metabolic. 24 Eagle articles in this library reference this compound.
- Category
- Metabolic
- Research stage
- FDA approved — FDA: Mounjaro (May 2022, type 2 diabetes; later also cardiovascular risk reduction in T2D) and Zepbound (Nov 2023, obesity/overweight; Dec 2024, moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea with obesity). EMA: Mounjaro authorised on 15 Sep 2022 for type 2 diabetes and weight management. ANVISA (Brazil): registered for type 2 diabetes in Sep 2023; obesity/overweight indication approved on 9 Jun 2025. WADA: not prohibited; added to the 2026 Monitoring Program.
- PubMed records
- 2463 (count from PubMed, not curated)
- Eagle articles on this compound
- 24 Eagle articles
Mechanism
Dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist — 39 amino acids, weekly subcutaneous administration.
Tirzepatide activates two incretin receptors at once. Through the GLP-1 pathway it reduces appetite, slows gastric emptying and improves glycaemic control; through the GIP pathway it increases insulin sensitivity and facilitates energy use. The library also records a reduction in systemic inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α), and attributes the difference observed against semaglutide to the role of GIP in lipid handling and adipocyte signalling. Insulin secretion is glucose-dependent, which keeps the risk of hypoglycaemia low when the compound is used on its own. Structurally it is a 39-amino-acid peptide derived from human GIP: Aib (α-aminoisobutyric acid) at positions 2 and 13 protects it from DPP-4, and lysine 20 is acylated with a C20 fatty diacid (eicosanedioic acid) through a γ-Glu-2×AEEA linker, which binds it to albumin and accounts for the half-life of about five days; the C-terminus is amidated (research code LY3298176).
Eagle articles on this compound
Chemical information
- CAS
- 2023788-19-2
- Molecular formula
- C225H348N48O68
- Molecular weight
- ≈4813 g/mol
- Sequence
- Tyr-Aib-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Ile-Aib-Leu-Asp-Lys-Ile-Ala-Gln-Lys-Ala-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Ile-Ala-Gly-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Ala-Pro-Pro-Pro-Ser
- Amino acids
- 39
- Solubility
- Water-soluble; the approved product is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow aqueous solution for subcutaneous use, pH 6.5–7.5 (Mounjaro label, section 11).
- Stability
- Refrigerate at 2–8 °C. If needed, may be kept unrefrigerated at up to 30 °C for up to 21 days. Do not freeze; do not use if frozen. Keep in the original carton to protect from light (Mounjaro label, section 16.2).
- Half-life
- 120 hours (5 days)
- Bioavailability
- ≈80% absolute bioavailability after subcutaneous injection; ≈99% bound to plasma albumin; apparent volume of distribution ≈10.3 L (Mounjaro label, section 12.3).
- Onset
- Peak plasma concentration 8–72 h after a dose; steady state after 4 weeks of once-weekly dosing. Eliminated by proteolysis, β-oxidation of the C20 diacid and amide hydrolysis; metabolites excreted in urine and feces.
- Routes
- SC
Research references
No individual dosing recommendation is given. Values are as recorded in the source, with species and route stated where known.
Evidence gap. O site publica uma escada de 2,5 a 15 mg por semana. Ela diverge do registro editorial da Eagle, que preserva escalas conflitantes e não escolhe uma dose; a escala do site foi registrada como evidência, sem substituir o resumo da Eagle.
Search performed — tirzepatide escalonamento 2.5 15 mg site protocolo · Peptide Dosing Protocols · returned: 1 · relevant: 1 · checked 2026-09
Broad control search — site:peptidedosingprotocols.com/protocol/tirzepatide tirzepatide dosing · Peptide Dosing Protocols · returned: 1 · checked 2026-09. A busca de controle confirmou a página que publica a escada; o registro próprio da Eagle continua sem protocolo por manter escalas conflitantes.
SURPASS-1 (Lancet 2021): 478 adults with type 2 diabetes, 40 weeks — HbA1c fell 1.87, 1.89 and 2.07 points with 5, 10 and 15 mg versus +0.04 with placebo; weight loss 7.0–9.5 kg.
PMID: 34186022Year: 2021Species: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Route: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Duration: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Purpose: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.SURPASS-2 (NEJM 2021): 1,879 adults with type 2 diabetes, 40 weeks — HbA1c fell 2.01, 2.24 and 2.30 points with 5, 10 and 15 mg versus 1.86 with semaglutide 1 mg; weight difference of −1.9, −3.6 and −5.5 kg versus semaglutide.
PMID: 34170647Year: 2021Species: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Route: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Duration: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Purpose: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.SURMOUNT-1 (NEJM 2022): 2,539 adults with obesity, 72 weeks — mean weight change of −15.0%, −19.5% and −20.9% with 5, 10 and 15 mg versus −3.1% with placebo; 50% and 57% of the 10 and 15 mg groups lost ≥20% versus 3% on placebo.
PMID: 35658024Year: 2022Species: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Route: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Duration: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Purpose: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.SURMOUNT-2 (Lancet 2023): 938 adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes, 72 weeks — weight change of −12.8% and −14.7% with 10 and 15 mg versus −3.2% with placebo; 79–83% lost ≥5% versus 32% on placebo.
PMID: 37385275Year: 2023Species: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Route: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Duration: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Purpose: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.SURMOUNT-OSA (NEJM 2024): adults with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea and obesity, 52 weeks — the apnea–hypopnea index fell by 25.3 events/h (without CPAP) and 29.3 events/h (with CPAP) versus 5.3 and 5.5 with placebo.
PMID: 38912654Year: 2024Species: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Route: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Duration: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.Purpose: Not recorded as a structured field in the source.
Safety
Commonly reported
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
Serious
- Acute pancreatitis (rare)
- Cholelithiasis / gallbladder disease
- Hypoglycaemia when combined with insulin or with secretagogues
- Reports of pulmonary aspiration under general anaesthesia or deep sedation, caused by delayed gastric emptying
Contraindications
- Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2)
- Pregnancy — in the weight-loss indication, discontinue once pregnancy is recognised
Warnings
- Eagle publishes no dose for this compound: the library's sources set three different ceilings — 7.5, 10 and 15 mg per week — in different documents, and the house does not choose between them.
- Gastrointestinal tolerance is the criterion for moving up each step; the library describes gradual escalation and never a jump.
- It delays gastric emptying, and pulmonary aspiration has been reported under general anaesthesia or deep sedation, including with residual gastric content despite fasting. Tell your doctor and the anaesthesia team before any planned procedure. There is no universally validated suspension interval in the labelling.
- It may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives: use a non-oral method, or add a barrier method for 4 weeks after starting and for 4 weeks after each dose increase.
- Caution in gallbladder disease. For acute pancreatitis or biliary disease the library gives no target, no suspension criterion and no dose.
- ANVISA status and WADA classification were not located.
Lab tests named in the source
- Blood glucose
- HbA1c
- Kidney function, if there is significant vomiting or diarrhoea
The source names the tests and nothing else: no reference values and no thresholds. None were added here. Interpreting a result is a clinical act and is not offered on this page.
Reported protocols
Written by Eagle from its own curated library, not imported. There is no reported protocol here, and that is deliberate: the library’s dose scales for this compound contradict one another, and Eagle does not choose between them. What follows is frequency, route, cycle and vial sizes — it is not a dosing recommendation, a prescription or clinical guidance.
Dosing summary as recorded
- Frequency
- Once a week
- Route
- Subcutaneous
- Cycle
- At most 16 weeks on and at least 4 weeks off; the library also records continuous use as acceptable. The two structures are kept apart, as the library keeps them.
- Reconstitution
- Bacteriostatic water; 30 days of validity after reconstituting, kept at 2–8 °C.
- Data
- The library's dose scales disagree — ceilings of 7.5, 10 and 15 mg per week in different documents. Eagle does not choose between them and publishes no dose for this compound.
Vial sizes: 5mg · 10mg · 15mg · 20mg · 30mg · 60mg — Peptide Calculator
Interactions
These relations were written by Eagle from its own curated library, one by one, and each states what the library records and what it does not. They are not verified clinical evidence: there is no PMID, no population or model and no degree of certainty behind them. «Compatible» and «Caution» describe what the library records about the pair, not an Eagle authorisation or prohibition, and none of this is medical advice.
Compatible
Listed in the same recomposition protocol as tirzepatide, which fills the weekly GLP-1/GIP slot. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Same recomposition protocol, in the injury-repair slot. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Same recomposition protocol, fasted slot. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Same recomposition protocol, fasted slot. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Same recomposition protocol, two to three times a week. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Same recomposition protocol, pre-sleep slot, paired with ipamorelin. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Same recomposition protocol, pre-sleep slot, paired with CJC-1295. The library gives no dose for tirzepatide inside the stack.
Caution
Overlapping agonism: retatrutide acts on GLP-1, GIP and glucagon, and tirzepatide already acts on GLP-1 and GIP. The library treats them as alternatives in the same weekly slot, never as a sum.
Overlapping GLP-1 agonism — tirzepatide already activates the GLP-1 receptor.
Overlapping GLP-1 agonism. The library compares the two on tolerability — tirzepatide is described as better tolerated, with less nausea — and never as a combination.
Overlapping satiety mechanism — the same caution the library already records between cagrilintide and retatrutide. The two appear in the same dosing block, but the library does not describe the combination and gives no joint dose.
- Insulina
Hypoglycaemia when combined with insulin or with secretagogues; tirzepatide may potentiate the effect of other antidiabetic drugs.
Related
- Is Tirzepatide FDA ApprovedArticle
- Retatrutide vs TirzepatideComparison
- TirzepatideExperimental protocol
No linked article matches that search.